Getting to Know Your Sky
Mrs. Kelleher
Before we begin our mission, it�s important that you get a feel for the night sky around you. You can start by looking at the Google Sky at www.google.com/sky. Using the navigation tools at the bottom of the page, click on Constellations. Move around in the map and locate Orion or Draco. Change the view to Infrared or Microwave by clicking in the upper right corner. What do you see?
Go back home and explore some of the other features of the Google Sky, like the Solar System or Backyard Astronomy. Can you see any of these celestial objects from your back yard?
Check out Tonight�s Sky�take a few minutes to watch the video and orient yourself.
Then go to Your Sky Tonight, a feature of the Share the Skies web site; create a starchart for your area. Notice that you can choose your location, your horizon�even your field of view. You can show constellation lines and object labels; print a chart to take outdoors and skywatch!
Go back home and explore some of the other features of the Google Sky, like the Solar System or Backyard Astronomy. Can you see any of these celestial objects from your back yard?
Check out Tonight�s Sky�take a few minutes to watch the video and orient yourself.
Then go to Your Sky Tonight, a feature of the Share the Skies web site; create a starchart for your area. Notice that you can choose your location, your horizon�even your field of view. You can show constellation lines and object labels; print a chart to take outdoors and skywatch!
Project Summary
Share the Skies is dedicated to providing students and teachers to opportunity study astronomy in real time during
the daytime without leaving the classroom. It enables Virginia students to access and control research-grade
telescopes to explore Australia�s night skies via the Internet. Students use CCD (charge-coupled device) imaging
techniques to capture digital images of deep space for further study.
This ThinkQuest Share the Skies project is a global collaboration�students and teachers on opposite sides of the
world can work together to learn more about our expanding universe. As they explore the night sky, these students
will learn important mathematics and science concepts�they�ll learn science by doing science. This project
specifically addresses Virginia Standards of Learning for grades 5-9, including:
� Scientific methods and inquiry;
� Mathematical analysis of data;
� The behavior of light;
� The history of telescopes and astro imaging; and
� The organization and characteristics of celestial objects.
At the most fundamental level, this project is intended to inspire children and those who teach them. Specifically, the
program
� Enables students to study astronomy in real time during the daytime
� Helps students develop essential skills in science, mathematics, computer science, and communications
� Offers experiences that encourage students to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics
This project will provide students and teachers with the knowledge and resources necessary to image celestial
objects with the Share the Skies Internet telescope. The Share the Skies Web site provides students and teachers
with access to the Internet telescope, sky maps, an image gallery, and other resources. The project will also include
Web-based resources and applications, including images and materials from NASA, Google Earth, and
Astronomy.com.
VIRGINIA SCIENCE STANDARDS OF LEARNING
5.3 The student will investigate and understand basic characteristics of visible light and how it behaves. Key
concepts include
a) the visible spectrum and light waves;
b) refraction of light through water and prisms;
c) reflection of light from reflective surfaces (mirrors);
d) opaque, transparent, and translucent; and
e) historical contributions in understanding light.
6.8 The student will investigate and understand the organization of the solar system and the relationships
among the various bodies that comprise it. Key concepts include
a) the sun, moon, Earth, other planets and their moons, meteors, asteroids, and comets;
b) relative size of and distance between planets;
c) the role of gravity;
d) revolution and rotation;
e) the mechanics of day and night and the phases of the moon;
f) the unique properties of Earth as a planet;
g) the relationship of the Earth�s tilt and the seasons;
h) the cause of tides; and
i) the history and technology of space exploration.
PS.9 The student will investigate and understand the nature and technological applications of light. Key concepts
include
a) the wave behavior of light (reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference);
b) images formed by lenses and mirrors; and
c) the electromagnetic spectrum.
ES.4 The student will investigate and understand the characteristics of the Earth and the solar system. Key
concepts include
a) position of the Earth in the solar system;
b) sun-Earth-moon relationships (seasons, tides, and eclipses);
c) characteristics of the sun, planets and their moons, comets, meteors, and asteroids;
d) the history and contributions of the space program.
ES.14 The student will investigate and understand scientific concepts related to the origin and evolution of the
universe. Key concepts include
a) nebulae;
b) the origin of stars and star systems;
c) stellar evolution;
d) galaxies; and
e) cosmology including the big bang theory.
PH.9 The student will investigate and understand how to use models of transverse and longitudinal waves to
interpret wave phenomena. Key concepts include
a) wave characteristics (period, wavelength, frequency, amplitude, and phase);
b) fundamental wave processes (reflection, refraction, diffraction,
interference, polarization, Doppler effect); and light and sound in terms of wave models.
VIRGINIA MATHEMATICS STANDARDS OF LEARNING
5.15 The student, given a problem situation, will collect, organize, and interpret data in a variety of forms, using
stem-and-leaf plots and line graphs.
5.16 The student will
a) describe mean, median, and mode as measures of center;
b) describe mean as fair share;
c) find the mean, median, mode, and range of a set of data; and
d) describe the range of a set of data as a measure of variation.
6.15 The student will
a) describe mean as balance point; and
b) decide which measure of center is appropriate for a given purpose.
7.12 The student will represent relationships with tables, graphs, rules, and words.
7.13 The student will
a) write verbal expressions as algebraic expressions and sentences as equations and vice versa; and
b) evaluate algebraic expressions for given replacement values of the variables.
7.14 The student will
a) solve one- and two-step linear equations in one variable; and
b) solve practical problems requiring the solution of one- and two-step linear equations.
8.13 The student will
a) make comparisons, predictions, and inferences, using information displayed in graphs; and
b) construct and analyze scatterplots.
A.4 The student will solve multistep linear and quadratic equations in two variables, including
a) solving literal equations (formulas) for a given variable;
b) justifying steps used in simplifying expressions and solving equations, using field properties and axioms of
equality that are valid for the set of real numbers and its subsets;
c) solving quadratic equations algebraically and graphically;
d) solving multistep linear equations algebraically and graphically;
e) solving systems of two linear equations in two variables algebraically and graphically; and
f) solving real-world problems involving equations and systems of equations.
A.11 The student will collect and analyze data, determine the equation of the curve of best fit in order to make
predictions, and solve real-world problems, using mathematical models. Mathematical models will include
linear and quadratic functions
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